Special Right Triangle Calculator

Two right triangles have side ratios so fixed that one side determines them all: the isosceles 45-45-90 (1 : 1 : √2) and the 30-60-90 (1 : √3 : 2). Enter the side you know and get the complete triangle.

Results

Formula

Fixed ratios do all the work:
45-45-90: 1 : 1 : √2  ·  30-60-90: 1 : √3 : 2
Scale the ratio so the known side matches, and every other side follows.

How to use this calculator

  1. Pick the triangle type.
  2. Say which side you know and enter its length.
  3. Press Calculate — the ratio scales to your triangle.
Special Right Triangle Calculator — how the calculation works, illustratedacb
Special Right Triangle Calculator — how the calculation works, illustrated

Worked example

A 45-45-90 triangle with legs of 5.

  1. The legs are equal: both 5.
  2. Hypotenuse: 5 × √2 ≈ 7.071.

Result: Sides are 5, 5 and ≈ 7.071.

Frequently asked questions

Where does the 30-60-90 ratio come from?

Cut an equilateral triangle in half. The halves are 30-60-90 triangles whose sides must follow 1 : √3 : 2 by the Pythagorean theorem.

Which leg is “short” in a 30-60-90?

The one opposite the 30° angle. It is always exactly half the hypotenuse.

Why are these two triangles “special”?

Their angles are the ones with exact, memorable trig values (multiples of √2 and √3), so textbooks and standardized tests use them constantly.

Related calculators